The kinetic theory of gases explains the macroscopic properties
of gases like volume, pressure, and temperature, as well as transport properties such
as viscosity, thermal conductivity and mass
diffusivity.
The theory for
ideal gases makes assumptions like ---
·
The gas consists of very small particles
known as molecules. This smallness of their size is such that the total volume of
the individual gas molecules added up is negligible compared to the volume of
the smallest open ball containing all the molecules. This is equivalent to
stating that the average distance separating the gas particles is large
compared to their size.
· These particles have the same mass.
·
The number of molecules is so large that
statistical treatment can be applied.
·
The rapidly moving particles constantly
collide among themselves and with the walls of the container. All these
collisions are perfectly elastic. This means the molecules are considered to be
perfectly spherical in shape and elastic in nature.
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